Looking back at our travels through Florida, one of the most pleasantly surprising discoveries, amongst many, is St. Augustine, where history, culture, and beautiful beaches all exist in this must-visit city.
As the oldest city in the United States, it’s packed with stories waiting to be explored. Let’s take a little tour of this enchanting place.
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A Step Back in Time
Founded in 1565 by Spanish explorer Pedro Menéndez de Avilés, St. Augustine is like stepping into a history book.
Although it’s not where the Pilgrims first landed, it’s the oldest continuously inhabited European-established settlement in the continental U.S.
What is St. Augustine known for?
St. Augustine is known for being the oldest continuously inhabited European-established settlement in the continental United States. Founded in 1565 by Spanish explorer Pedro Menéndez de Avilés, it’s famous for its well-preserved historic sites, beautiful Spanish colonial architecture, and vibrant cultural scene.
Key attractions include the Castillo de San Marcos, Flagler College, and the Lightner Museum.
Menéndez de Avilés arrived with a fleet of ships and about 600 soldiers, settlers, and slaves.
They established a settlement on the site of an ancient Native American village called Seloy.
The Spanish quickly built a fort, houses, and other necessary structures, creating a foothold in the New World.
St. Augustine was established 42 years before the English colony at Jamestown, Virginia (1607) and 55 years before the Pilgrims landed at Plymouth Rock, Massachusetts (1620).
The city’s layout includes several narrow, winding streets, designed to thwart robbers from easily escaping with stolen goods and running straight back to their ships.
One of the most striking landmarks is the Castillo de San Marcos, the oldest masonry fort in the continental U.S. Constructed by the Spanish between 1672 and 1695, this impressive structure, is made of coquina stone and has stood the test of time.
It served as a vital defensive structure against attacks from rival European powers and pirates.
St. Augustine served as the capital of Spanish Florida from its founding in 1565 until 1763 when Florida was ceded to the British.
The fort offers incredible views of the Matanzas Bay and provides insight into colonial military architecture.
You can easily spend a couple of hours here exploring the fort, watching historical reenactments, and enjoying the scenic vistas.
How do you spend a day in St. Augustine?
Start your day with a visit to the Castillo de San Marcos, then stroll down St. George Street to explore its historic buildings and charming shops. Have lunch at a local café, then visit Flagler College and the Lightner Museum. In the evening, enjoy a leisurely dinner at one of the many downtown ,estaurants, and finish your day with a ghost tour or a walk along the waterfront.
St George Street
Walking down St. George Street feels like a journey through centuries.
This pedestrian-only street is lined with historic buildings, charming shops, and delightful cafes.
Originally laid out in the 1600s, it remains the heart of the city’s historic district.
It’s a perfect spot to grab a coffee and watch the world go by.
The street is filled with boutiques and eateries, making it an enjoyable and informative stroll.
Many buildings have plaques detailing who lived there, their significance, and when they were renovated.
One such plaque can be found on the facade of the Ximenez-Fatio House, a beautifully preserved colonial-era structure.
The plaque reads:
“Ximenez-Fatio House Built circa 1798 This building served as a prominent boarding house during the 19th century, catering to travelers and dignitaries visiting St. Augustine. Operated by Doña Antonia Ximenez and later by Luis Fatio, the house was known for its hospitality and elegant accommodations. Notable guests included military officers, government officials, and even visiting artists and writers. The house reflects the architectural style and social life of early St. Augustine, offering a glimpse into the city’s vibrant past.”
This plaque not only provides historical context but also offers a glimpse into the daily life and significance of the building during its heyday.
The Oldest Wooden School House
Located on St. George Street, the Oldest Wooden School House dates back to the early 18th century and offers a glimpse into the educational practices of colonial America.
The schoolhouse is constructed from red cedar and cypress, bound with wooden pegs and handmade nails.
Architectural Marvels
You can’t visit St. Augustine without visiting a few architectural marvels of it’s time.
Flagler College
Originally the Ponce de León Hotel, Flagler College is a stunning piece of architecture, built by Henry Flagler in 1888.
Flagler, a wealthy businessman and co-founder of Standard Oil, first visited St. Augustine in the late 19th century.
Captivated by the city’s beauty and potential, he envisioned transforming it into a luxurious winter retreat for the affluent elite.
Flagler spared no expense in the construction of the Ponce de León Hotel.
Designed by architects John Carrère and Thomas Hastings, the hotel was a marvel of Gilded Age opulence, featuring Tiffany stained glass windows, ornate chandeliers, and exquisite artwork.
It boasted modern amenities such as steam heat, electric lights, and was one of the first buildings in the United States to use poured concrete as a major construction material.
Henry Flagler’s Vision
Flagler’s ambition extended beyond the hotel itself.
He invested in infrastructure projects, including the extension of his railway, the Florida East Coast Railway, to St. Augustine.
The railway made St. Augustine easily accessible to wealthy tourists from the North, transforming it into a premier winter resort destination.
Flagler’s vision attracted notable guests, including high society figures, politicians, and celebrities of the time.
Presidents Grover Cleveland and Theodore Roosevelt were among the distinguished visitors who stayed at the Ponce de León Hotel.
Writers such as Mark Twain also frequented the hotel during their travels.
Flagler’s influence extended beyond the hotel.
His impact on the city’s development is still evident today, with many of his architectural marvels preserved as historic landmarks.
Lightner Museum
The Alcazar Hotel (now the Lightner Museum), also built by Flagler in 1888, was slightly less opulent compared to the Ponce de León Hotel, making it more affordable for guests.
However, it still offered luxurious accommodations and amenities, including a casino, the largest indoor swimming pool of it’s time, and an archery range.
The Alcazar was very successful for many years, attracting guests with its charm and amenities.
However, as the Great Depression hit and South Florida became more developed, the hotel began to decline and eventually closed in 1932.
The Ponce also suffered during this time; however, it managed to remain open, albeit facing challenges.
Ponce and Alcazar’s Destiny
It is at this point that Flagler’s two hotels take diverging paths.
The Ponce was converted into training space and housing for the U.S. Coast Guard during World War II.
After the war ended, the Ponce briefly reopened as a hotel, but it struggled. It finally shut its doors as a hotel in 1967.
However, the story doesn’t end there.
Henry Flagler’s great-nephew, Lawrence Lewis, agreed to sell the building to a group from Mount Ida College to establish a women’s college.
This college is known today as Flagler College!
You can take a guided tour to admire its grandeur, including the beautiful Tiffany stained glass windows and intricate details in the rotunda.
The college is centrally located, making it easy to include in your tour of the city.
As for the Alcazar, it sat empty until 1947 when Otto Lightner purchased the building to house his massive collection of art, design, and novelty collectibles.
This museum is now known as the Lightner Museum and it occupies the back half of the former hotel.
the museum features an eclectic collection of art, antiques, and curiosities.
It’s a fantastic way to spend an afternoon, especially if you appreciate unique collections.
You can now have lunch in the former swimming pool and see many of the features of the hotel when you visit their galleries!
Today, Flagler College continues to thrive, offering students a picturesque campus rich in history and architectural beauty.
Additional Historical Highlights
The Fountain of Youth Archaeological Park
Explore the legendary site where Ponce de León is said to have searched for the Fountain of Youth.
The park features a variety of exhibits, including a reconstructed Timucuan village and a spring where you can drink the supposedly restorative waters.
It’s a fascinating mix of history and myth.
The Old Jail
Built by Henry Flagler in 1891, this historic jail housed prisoners for over 60 years.
The jail, with its distinct Romanesque Revival architecture, now operates as a museum where visitors can learn about the harsh realities of 19th-century incarceration.
Sun, Sand, and Nature
St. Augustine isn’t just about history – it also offers some incredible natural beauty.
Beaches
St. Augustine Beach and Crescent Beach are perfect for relaxing, swimming, or taking a peaceful walk.
On a not so sunny day, we visited the beach, realizing you can even take your 4×4 and drive on the soft sandy beach!
St. Augustine Beach is located about five miles from downtown and features a long pier, a beachfront park, and plenty of space for sunbathing.
Crescent Beach, a bit further south, is quieter and ideal for a serene day by the ocean.
Anastasia State Park
For a bit more adventure, head to Anastasia State Park, which spans over 1,600 acres and offers a variety of outdoor activities.
Here you can hike through nature trails, kayak in the Salt Run lagoon, or do some bird watching.
The park is a short drive from downtown St. Augustine and provides a beautiful escape into nature.
Fort Matanzas National Monument
Just a short drive from St. Augustine, Fort Matanzas National Monument was built by the Spanish in 1742 to defend against British attacks.
Accessible only by ferry, the monument includes nature trails and a chance to see local wildlife.
Arts and Culture
Colonial Quarter
For a hands-on history lesson, visit the Colonial Quarter. This living history museum lets you experience life in the 16th, 17th, and 18th centuries.
You can watch blacksmith demonstrations, climb a 35-foot watchtower, and even try your hand at musket drills.
The Colonial Quarter spans over two acres and is located in the heart of the historic district, making it a convenient part of your visit.
St. Augustine Amphitheatre
Hosting a variety of concerts, performances, and events throughout the year, St. Augustine Amphitheatre is located within a state park, providing a scenic backdrop for enjoying live music and entertainment.
Local Festivals and Events:
If you’re lucky enough to visit between November and January, you’ll experience the magic of the Nights of Lights festival.
One of the best holiday light displays in the world, uses energy-efficient LED lights to create a magical atmosphere.
The historic district is adorned with millions of tiny white lights, creating a truly enchanting atmosphere.
The festival is best enjoyed on foot, allowing you to wander the beautifully lit streets, although you can also take a trolley tour to see the lights from a different perspective.
In addition to the Nights of Lights, St. Augustine hosts a range of annual events, such as the St. Augustine Celtic Music and Heritage Festival in March, the St. Augustine Food and Wine Festival in May, and the Sing Out Loud Music Festival in September.
These events offer a taste of local culture and are great times to visit the city.
Modern Vibes
St. Augustine isn’t stuck in the past.
Its vibrant downtown area is active, with modern restaurants, trendy cafes, and unique shops.
Eco-Friendly Destination
The oldest city in the US has stood the test of time, maintaining its historic charm while embracing sustainable practices.
One of the best features of St. Augustine is its pedestrian-friendly layout. You can stroll through its charming streets, enjoying historic sites and festivals, without the need for a car.
St Augustine offers several eco-friendly lodging options. Many hotels and inns are committed to sustainability through energy-saving practices, waste reduction, and supporting local businesses.
Practical Tips
Is St. Augustine walkable?
Yes, St. Augustine is very walkable, especially in its historic downtown area. Many of the city’s top attractions, shops, and restaurants are within walking distance of each other. For those who prefer not to walk, there are plenty of tram and trolley tours available that provide convenient transportation around the city. The Old Town Trolley and the Red Train Tours are popular options that allow you to hop on and off at various attractions.
What is the best time to visit St. Augustine?
The best time to visit St. Augustine is during the spring (March to May) and fall (September to November) when the weather is pleasant, and the city is less crowded. The summer months can be hot and humid but are perfect for enjoying the beaches. Visiting during the Nights of Lights festival from November to January is also a magical experience. St Augustine is mentioned as one of the Top 5 Eco-Friendly Christmas Destinations for 2024 in my blog.
Final Thoughts
St. Augustine offers a perfect blend of history, culture, and natural beauty.
It’s a living museum where where the past and present coexist beautifully, providing endless opportunities for exploration and enjoyment.
Whether you’re soaking in the historic sights, lounging on the beach, or indulging in local cuisine, St. Augustine is a destination that promises to charm and delight.
In St. Augustine, you’ll find the simple bliss of wandering through centuries-old streets, savoring a leisurely meal, or simply sitting by the water, lost in thought.
It’s a place that invites you to slow down and appreciate the moment, truly embodying the spirit of dolce far niente – the sweetness of doing nothing.
So, start planning your next trip and get ready to step into a world where history comes alive.
To explore everything Florida has to offer, from beautiful beaches to vibrant cities, including tips and a deeper understanding of each area, don’t miss my travel guide: What You Must Know: A Comprehensive Guide to Visiting Florida.
Have you visited St. Augustine? Share your experience in comments below!
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Photo credits licensed under CC BY-NC, SA, ND 2.0 and 3.0:
- “Castillo de San Marcos” by Iagology ↩︎
- “St. George Street, St. Augustine” by Joe Shlabotnik ↩︎
- “Ximenez-Fatio House Museum – St Augustine, 2014-04-23 (7420)” by Dan Lundberg ↩︎
- “20140422_St Augustine_7505 crop Oldest Wooden School House” by Dan Lundberg ↩︎
- “Lightner Museum, Nights of Lights, St. Augustine” by Krazy Diamnd ↩︎
- “20140423_St Augustine_7410 Lightner Museum” by Dan Lundberg ↩︎
- “Fountain of Youth” by jcsullivan24 ↩︎
- “Old Jail, St. Augustine” by lollip0ptroll0p ↩︎
- “Kayaking at Anastasia State Park” by Iagology ↩︎
- “Fort Matanzas National Monument” by RuggyBearLA ↩︎
- “MAP OF THE OLD BRITISH AND SPANISH COLONIAL QUARTER, ST. AUGUSTINE, FLORIDA” by bob194156 ↩︎
- “St Aug Amphitheatre pano01” by Ebyabe ↩︎
- “2015 St. Augustine Nights of Lights” by Corvair Owner ↩︎
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